Category: state higher ed policy

  • Case Study: Florida Policy Opening Enrollment for At-Risk Students

    Case Study: Florida Policy Opening Enrollment for At-Risk Students

    Title: The Role of State Policy in Supporting Students Experiencing Homelessness and Former Foster Youth in Higher Education

    Authors: Carrie E. Henderson and Katie Grissom

    Source: The Urban Institute

    Paying for a college degree is already a difficult, complex process for many students involving a variety of sources of financial aid and payment. For students with a history of foster care or housing instability, this task becomes even more challenging given the lack of financial and social support they experience growing up.

    To properly support these students, policymakers and higher education administrators need to create educational environments that go beyond teaching and learning to prioritize access to essential resources and socioeconomic conditions that can provide stability in students’ lives. State policy can provide critical opportunities to open pathways for students and address the personal, emotional, and logistical challenges that students face. A new report from the Urban Institute explores how the Florida state legislature took steps to enhance access to postsecondary education for homeless students and former foster youth and how it affected higher education attainment.

    Key findings include:

    New state policies expanded tuition and fee exemptions: In 2022, the Florida legislature created policies that expanded the eligibility for tuition and fee exemptions to match the federal definition of homeless children and youth and include students who had been involved in shelter, dependency, or termination of parental rights proceedings.

    Increase in tuition and fee exemptions rose since implementation: The data Florida collected showed an upward trend in the use of the homelessness fee exemption in both the Florida College System (FCS) and the State University System (SUS) between 2021-22 and 2023-24. In the FCS in 2023-24, the number of exemptions increased by 103 percent since 2021-22, from 689 to 1,396. SUS institutions experienced more incremental growth, as homelessness exemptions increased from 344 in 2021-22 to 432 in 2023–24, a 26 percent increase.

    Tuition and fee exemptions can reduce the financial burden of postsecondary education, making it more affordable and attainable for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. However, policymakers considering exemptions and subsidies should include dedicated funding to help institutions of higher education implement these services effectively. Without additional funding, colleges and universities lack the supplemental resources to implement policies feasibly. Furthermore, policymakers should listen to and work with administrators to fund holistic wraparound services that impact students’ ability to enroll, persist, and succeed in higher education.

    To read the full report from the Urban Institute, click here.

    —Austin Freeman

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  • Recommendations for States to Address Postsecondary Affordability

    Recommendations for States to Address Postsecondary Affordability

    Authors: Lauren Asher, Nate Johnson, Marissa Molina, and Kristin D. Hultquist

    Source: HCM Strategists

    An October 2024 report, Beyond Sticker Prices: How States Can Make Postsecondary Education More Affordable, reviews data to evaluate affordability of postsecondary education across nine states, including Alabama, California, Indiana, Louisiana, Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas, Virginia, and Washington.

    The authors emphasize the importance of considering net price, or the full cost of attendance less total aid. Depending on the state, low-income students pay 16-27 percent of their total family income to attend community college.

    At public four-year colleges with high net prices, students with family income of $30,000-48,000 py more than half of their income (51-53 percent) for school in two of the nine states. Four-year colleges with low net prices show cost variability based on whether a student is the lowest income, earning $0-30,000, or has $30,000-48,000 in income. Students in the former group pay 21-27 percent of their family income toward education, while students in the latter group pay 40-41 percent of their income.

    The brief recommends that policymakers take the following issues into account:

    • The way states fund public institutions is critical for low-income students. Consider increasing funding for community colleges as well as evaluating how student income factors into allocation of state funds.
    • Tuition policy is integral to making decisions about postsecondary education. Public perception of college affordability is influenced by tuition costs. States have the power to set limits on how much institutions can raise or change costs, but states also must be careful not to limit institutions from charging what they require to adequately support students’ needs.
    • Transparency and consistency among financial aid programs increase their reach. States should consider making financial aid programs more readily understandable. State financial aid policies should also increase flexibility to adjust for transferring, length of time to graduate, and financial aid from other sources.
    • How states support basic needs affects students’ ability to afford attending college. Policies at the state level can offer students more options for paying for food, housing, caregiving, and more.

    To read the full report, click here.

    —Kara Seidel

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  • State Funding for Short-Term Credentials Ramps Up

    State Funding for Short-Term Credentials Ramps Up

    Title: A 2024 Update of State Investments in Short-Term Credential Pathways

    Author: Stephanie M. Murphy

    Source: HCM Strategists

    The higher education landscape continues to evolve rapidly as more and more students prioritize short-term credentials, also known as micro-credentials and non-degree credentials. There is increased demand for these valuable credentials, which can improve individuals’ career prospects and meet the changing needs of the modern economy and job market.

    Despite a massive proliferation in funding for short-term credentials, there has been a lack of systematic cataloging or analysis of state investments in short-term credentials. HCM Strategists, through funding from the Lumina Foundation, conducted an in-depth examination of all 50 states to establish the first comprehensive classification system of state funding for short-term credential programs. The October 2024 report is an update of HCM Strategists’ 2023 typology and policy landscape analysis of short-term credentials.

    Key findings are summarized below:

    Total state investments in short-term credentials exceed $5.6 billion across 69 initiatives in 31 states.

    • This represents an increase from 2023, when there were 59 state-led programs with nearly $4 billion in funding.
    • Across programs, a majority of state funding for short-term credentials has gone toward students, for financial aid, and institutions, for capacity building and student supports and aid).

    Since 2023, 10 new short-term credential initiatives have launched in eight states, increasing total investments by roughly $1.8 billion.

    • As an example, Alabama established its Short-Term Credential Scholarship Program during the 2025 fiscal year with a $1 million appropriation. This initiative reimburses Alabama residents for up to $4,500 in for expenses such as tuition, fees, and materials as they seek short-term credentials aligned with workforce demands.
    • In Colorado, HB24-1340, signed into law in May 2024, created a tax credit for low- and middle-income residents enrolled at public colleges and universities. This initiative provides full reimbursement of tuition and fees for eligible recent high school graduates, improving access to short-term credentials.
    • West Virginia’s Credential WV micro-credential initiative was created in October 2024 to help workers and students gain targeted credentials to meet new labor market demands in the state. This program will roll out over three years, with institutions identifying resources to create workforce-aligned micro-credentials and standardizing the process for awarding credit for prior learning.

    Short-term and non-degree credentials are becoming an increasingly central piece of the education landscape in the United States. And while 31 states have invested more than $5.6 billion across 69 initiatives to make workforce training more accessible, research remains limited on the outcomes and long-term labor market value of these credentials. The large financial investments that states and institutions of higher education are making into short-term credential pathways reflect the growing recognition of the value of immediate upskilling in today’s labor market.

    To read the full report from HCM Strategists, click here.

    —Austin Freeman

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