Tag: advice

  • Advice from Indigenous students to Indigenous students

    Advice from Indigenous students to Indigenous students

    Navigating student life, especially when entering university or tertiary education for the first time, is no easy feat.

    Students are often dealing with newfound independence, more travel, gruelling schedules, and a shift in priorities, all while trying to develop new skills and knowledge.

    Finding support and motivation during this time is essential, but it means different things to different people.

    In my role as chief executive of Aurora Education Foundation, I work with a number of Indigenous scholars who are studying at some of the world’s most prestigious universities.

    Recently, I asked three of them to share what had helped them get to where they are now and what advice they had for other students just starting their educational journey.

    Lean on your loved ones

    Warumungu woman Mady Wills is currently completing a Master of Science in Developmental Psychology and Psychopathology at King’s College London, with a Roberta Sykes Scholarship.

    Mady said the support she received from her loved ones was invaluable along her journey, but almost equally, the doubt she received from others around her motivated her to achieve her best.

    “Reflecting on my educational journey so far, I have a huge amount of gratitude for the support I have received along the way. It hasn’t always been easy, and I have faced moments of doubt – both my own and from others – that challenged my commitment to my dreams,” she said.

    “But sometimes when people doubt you, question you, or make you second guess your dreams, it can actually be the most powerful motivator.

    The journey (whatever this looks like, be it career, high school, TAFE or Uni) is not meant to be a smooth one, and it’s important to remember that encouragement doesn’t always come in the form of praise. Sometimes, scepticism fuels resilience.

    “For me, each challenge, doubt or difficult moment strengthened my determination to work harder, to prove my capabilities, and to demonstrate what is possible. All I would say to anyone even considering taking this step – submitting that scholarship application or researching that course abroad – do it.”

    Build stamina

    For Wardandi Noongar woman Danielle Kampers, developing stamina was key to her success. Danielle is studying a Master of Science in Oceanography at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, with a Roberta Sykes Scholarship.

    Danielle said one piece of advice about cultivating stamina and resilience changed her outlook on her education journey and set her up with the tools she needed to succeed.

    “When I started my science degree it filled me with enthusiasm to address significant challenges in marine environments and explore the wonders of scientific inquiry,” she said.

    “One piece of advice that stayed with me was the importance of ‘stamina’ – it’s crucial for a fulfilling and productive career in science. Cultivate resilience, manage stress effectively, stay flexible, maintain a positive outlook even during tough times and the rest will work out for itself.

    “Additionally, don’t hesitate to ask for help when needed, support and kindness are passed along and often come back around when you need it most.”

    Focus on what you can control

    Warumungu man Ethan Taylor, who is currently studying at the University of Oxford to complete a Doctor of Philosophy in Politics, with a Roberta Sykes Scholarship, said that while hurdles are bound to happen on any journey, remaining focused on your goal was most important.

    “I would encourage other aspiring Indigenous scholars to stay driven and focus on what’s in their control. If something doesn’t work out, that’s okay – keep moving,” he said.

    “Hard work will never guarantee you success in academic or scholarly pursuit, but it will certainly put you in the best position to be successful.

    “If you’re a humanities or social science student like me, keep focussing on the fundamentals of scholarship in this area: reading and writing. Keep reading widely in your field and keep eliciting feedback in your writing.

    “Keep thinking and developing your ideas, even in the face of apparent rejection or failure. At the end of the day, by mastering these fundamentals and learning how to articulate yourself better, you’ll end up becoming someone who can’t be ignored or overlooked.”

    Leila Smith is the founder and chief executive of the Aurora Education Foundation.

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  • Advice on cultivating an interdisciplinary mindset (opinion)

    Advice on cultivating an interdisciplinary mindset (opinion)

    Graduate students often begin their programs immediately after earning an undergraduate degree. Your excitement over a field—whether it was kindled by reading great books, paying attention to current events, the charisma of inspiring faculty members or attraction to the ideas presented in a course—gets you started on a career track that leads through graduate school. It may therefore feel a little late to start thinking about what you would like to do with your life midway through your graduate program. But in fact, it is an excellent time.

    People are attracted to research for many reasons, including a fascination with problem-solving, puzzles and ideas; a desire to change the future of some problem impacting the human condition; interest in creating and running a research team; or simply an attraction to Sciencia gratia scientiae—knowledge for knowledge’s sake.

    As a Ph.D. student, your research may be focused on the discovery of new principles, or you may focus on the application of existing ideas to solve practical problems. For example, you might focus on influencing policy around polyfactorial problems like poverty or climate impact, designing and testing public health interventions, or defining and implementing best practices in a given field or occupation.

    As you move through graduate school, the real-world problems you are most enthusiastic about may begin to feel out of reach. Research that focuses your thinking on application of existing knowledge to bigger-picture problems may leave you disappointed that you are not out on the frontiers, developing new knowledge. At the same time, your peers who have committed to studying the tiny details of an aspect of a problem may wish they could have more of a personal stake in solving its macroscopic elements, making human lives better and influencing policy makers’ decisions.

    Free Your Mind

    All this raises an intriguing question: How do you build yourself into a scholar who understands a problem at many levels, from atomic to planetary, from femtosecond to geological time scales? Is it even possible—or seemly—for a graduate student to try? Of course it is! You do not have to do every type of work that touches your interests, but it is rewarding to learn about how others are thinking about the things you think about.

    To understand this, try this exercise with your own work. What do we not know about your problem of interest? It does not matter if you work on malaria, Jane Austen or the root causes of poverty. The question works no matter where your interests lie. If you start jotting down answers to that question, you should be able to fill a page with unknowns in less time than it takes you to read this week’s “Carpe Careers” in Inside Higher Ed.

    Stow your list away for a while, for any duration from lunchtime to a month. Later, take it out and reconsider it. Make a page with three sections and separate the mysteries into:

    • Things that you don’t know but believe you can reason your way to a useful hypothesis about;
    • Things that you don’t know, but that are probably in your field’s literature;
    • Things that you don’t know and suspect nobody knows.

    All three of these are interesting lists. You should keep the first one close to you so that you can think about it often. Treat this list like a game. When you would otherwise be playing with your phone, pull out an interesting question and spend a few minutes thinking about how you might solve it, whether with an elegant experiment, brute force or clever analogy. It does not matter much whether you actually pursue any of the ideas that come from list one. Finding ways to solve problems is a core part of your graduate training. Building confidence that many different problems are within your scholarly grasp is invaluable.

    Take your second list to the library or a quiet corner and poke at your field’s literature, and then at the broader literature to see what other people have done. Be expansive as you look. If you work on, say, how vibrio bacteria sense the environment, you already keep up with the cholera literature. But what can you learn about how climate impacts the vibrios by looking for cholera in literature? How many novels have cholera as a plot element? When were they written and who was their audience? What does that literature tell you about who was affected by the disease, and where, and when, and why? What does history tell you about the times the books were written and the times that they portray? What was plumbing like in those times and places, or public sanitation? Do you have enough coffee to think deeper about your interests? Do you have enough time? It is well worth the effort, and helps you get to the fun part: list three.

    Enter the Matrix

    You do not have to be an expert in everything connected to your work. You can gain immeasurably more by becoming part of the vast interconnected thinking that surrounds us all. “If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together,” says the poorly sourced refrigerator magnet quote. To develop traveling companions, develop connections with people who, like you, have interests connected to what you study.

    Promoting interdisciplinary research is important to those who take on complex problems ranging from climate change to human psychology. The logistics of stimulating interdisciplinary research are tough because different fields use different languages to describe problems that they may have in common. Those who think about connected ideas are often not only in different disciplines but in different places, whether that means in different colleges, schools and centers within a university or in different types of institutions beyond academe. Try to count the fields that are interested in poverty, from anthropology to architecture. Think of where people practice those fields: in universities, governments, civil society, international organizations, religious groups and more.

    As a graduate student, you may not have time to find all those whose insights might be valuable to you. But interdisciplinarity is increasingly important to academic institutions. Yours likely has a number of interdisciplinary centers. Find a list of them and take an afternoon to look them up. If there are several centers near you, it is likely that at least one crosses into your area of interest. Sign up for their Listserv and go to their seminars. Put the limits of your field and your position aside. You are not just a grad student or just a relatively new scholar in your discipline. You are a big thinker interested in big problems. Go forward as an equal and make some new connections. It might change your scholarly life.

    Victoria McGovern is the chief strategy officer of the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, a nonprofit funder with a mission to nurture a diverse group of leaders in biomedical sciences to improve human health through education and research. Victoria is a member of the Graduate Career Consortium, an organization providing an international voice for graduate-level career and professional development leaders.

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  • Career planning advice for grad students/mentors (opinion)

    Career planning advice for grad students/mentors (opinion)

    lvcandy/DigitalVision Vectors/Getty Images

    As a trained scientist, I had a fantastic research mentor. We talked about my research project, which experiments to prioritize and what the data meant, and we even sometimes discussed personal things like family and ties to home. When I joined his lab, I was open with my mentor about my interest in a teaching career and my desire to run a small research program working primarily with undergraduates. However, my career aspirations evolved over the course of my graduate training, and I found myself hesitant to share my new career goals. Though I recognized that my interactions with my mentor were quite positive and supportive, I still feared that sharing my non–academic scientist aspirations would somehow disappoint him, or worse, that I wouldn’t get the fullest support for my research training.

    Now, as a career development professional who advises biomedical Ph.D. students, I see this same pattern often. Students express feeling comfortable discussing their research and academic endeavors with their research mentors but hesitate when it comes to discussing career plans outside academic research. They fear not receiving the same level of support and training, letting their mentor down, or being seen as less committed to their research and academic pursuits.

    While I find these feelings familiar, I now encourage students to push past these fears. Students can receive valuable guidance and access to further opportunities when they engage in career conversations with their mentors. I also advocate for research mentors to be intentional about incorporating career planning into their training and mentoring conversations. What follows is advice for both students and research mentors for having more productive and positive career conversations.

    For Students

    Having career conversations is a professional skill you can learn.

    The first thing you need to know is you are not alone. Feeling apprehensive about talking to your mentor about your career is completely normal, especially if you have not engaged in these conversations before or if you are expressing a desire to explore careers outside academia. Even if your mentor hasn’t followed the career path you’re considering, they can still offer guidance, opportunities to help you develop transferable skills and connections within their network who may offer inroads into other career sectors.

    Start career conversations early. Waiting until you’re rushing to graduate or scrambling for the next step often results in missed opportunities to prepare effectively. Starting these conversations early gives you time to explore different options, take advantage of targeted learning opportunities and make more informed decisions. For example, you could start the conversation with your mentor by saying, “I’ve been learning about careers in science policy and how Ph.D.s can impact policy and regulatory rules in government roles. I’d love to hear your thoughts on this type of career and any advice you might have for exploring it further.” This approach invites your mentor to join the conversation as a collaborator and can set the stage for regular career conversations.

    Engage in reverse mentorship. Instead of assuming your mentor cannot help with careers outside academia, consider this an opportunity to take a proactive approach in researching career options and sharing what you learn with your mentor. This can help educate your mentor and also serve as a springboard to discuss transferable skills and potential opportunities. For example, you might say, “I’ve been learning about career opportunities for Ph.D.s in biotech project management roles. These positions value skills like leadership, data interpretation and cross-functional communication. Could we talk about how I might develop these skills further in my current work?” This approach positions you as an active learner and invites your mentor to help you acquire the skills you need. As your mentor learns about the transferable skills most relevant to your career preparation, it may also lead to opportunities where you and your mentor can align your research endeavors with skills needed for your future.

    Use an individual development plan to guide regular conversations. Having one career conversation is a great start, but ideally you would have these conversations on a more regular basis. An IDP is a great tool for structuring regular career discussions with your mentor and is often used on an annual or semiannual basis. The IDP can guide you to reflect on your career interests, identify skills you want to develop and set clear, actionable goals. You can then share and discuss your IDP with your mentor during regular check-ins to seek their advice on your goals and progress. This provides a collaborative approach to your career planning, keeps your discussions focused and over all helps you both be more transparent with your planning. Many Ph.D. programs provide their own customized IDPs that incorporate research and career planning. Another widely used resource is the myIDP tool from Science Careers, which provides a step-by-step framework for self-assessment, career exploration and goal-setting.

    For Research Mentors

    You can support career discussions, even outside your area of expertise.

    For research mentors, it’s understandable that these conversations can feel daunting when you don’t have experience in the career fields your students are interested in. However, mentors don’t need to be experts in every career to provide students with meaningful support, valuable connections and opportunities for skill enhancement.

    Normalize career discussions. Encourage your student to talk about their career aspirations early in the mentoring relationship and be supportive of careers outside of academia. This signals to your student that their career is just as important as their research, and you’re invested in helping them succeed whether they choose an academic career or not. You can start by simply saying, “I know your interests may change throughout your studies, but what are some career options you are currently considering after graduate school?” Asking your student what they are considering is a much less intimidating question than “What do you want to do or be?” It also invites your student to be more open with what they are thinking and creates space for their choices to evolve as they gain further experiences.

    Ask questions and offer connections. Even if you don’t know much about, say, a career in science communication or technology commercialization, you can still ask reflective questions to help your student clarify their goals. Asking, “What excites you about this path?” or “What skills do you think are important in that field?” shows interest and invites further conversation. If possible, you can then connect them with lab alumni or professionals in your network who may have more expertise in that specific career field. Your institution may also have a career development office that you can refer your student to for further career-readiness support. If you truly don’t know about the career, sharing a willingness to learn can set the stage for productive conversations in the future.

    Recognize the value of transferable skills. Your student is learning a wealth of skills in their academic and research experiences. As their mentor, you can assist your student in understanding how the research skills they’re developing—such as critical thinking, data analysis, grant writing and project management—can apply broadly across many careers. Additionally, as your student identifies skills they will need in the specific career they are targeting, you may be able to help them gain experiences honing those skills. The student interested in scientific writing may become your go-to person for editing, and together you can plan to have the student lead efforts on a comprehensive review and assist more with grant writing. Or you may ask the student aspiring to move into data science to take on a project analyzing large data sets and give them more opportunities to practice their programming skills. When you align transferable skill development with research endeavors, you’re actively supporting your student’s career goals in a way that is productive for both of you.

    Acknowledge that career choices are based on personal and professional goals. Your student’s career decisions are based on both their personal priorities as well as their professional ambitions. Family planning, financial stability, caregiving responsibilities, health needs, visa restrictions or a need for geographic flexibility are just a few of the many factors that influence career decision-making. If you treat these considerations as unimportant or secondary to research, you will not adequately help your student navigate key factors in their long-term career decision-making. However, encouraging your student to integrate both personal and professional priorities into their career planning demonstrates an investment in them as a whole person and supports them in making thoughtful and sustainable career choices aligned with their personal needs.

    Coda

    I still remember my own mentor’s reaction when I finally shared my career goals. He admitted that he didn’t know much about the career I wanted to pursue—academic administration—but he then reassured me of his support. It turned out that I didn’t need to be nervous about this conversation. He was happy to provide supportive recommendation letters, help me make connections, serve as a positive job reference and offer general job-seeking advice. I graduated shortly thereafter, and his support played a critical role in landing positions early in my career. My only regret when I think back to my time as a graduate student is knowing that I could have begun to have these career conversations sooner.

    Raquel Y. Salinas is the director of student affairs and career development at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences. She is a member of the Graduate Career Consortium, an organization providing an international voice for graduate-level career and professional development leaders.

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