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After a tumultuous 2025, education policy and legal experts expect no let-up in 2026. The second Trump administration and its Education Department are continuing to reshape the direction of federal support for K-12, and courts are routinely hearing cases of great consequence for school district policies.
Continual change to the education landscape “makes it very difficult to plan and prepare, and to provide students with the quality public education they deserve,” said Sasha Pudelski, director of advocacy for AASA, The School Superintendents Association. “School district leaders are facing mounting uncertainty, and should brace for more in 2026.”
Here are four K-12 legal and policy trends for district leaders to monitor in the coming year.
Uncertainty around federal support
The Trump administration’s push to “return education to the states” means that superintendents can expect less federal support and more change in 2026. This ranges from less help with administering the National Assessment of Educational Progress and managing federally funded programs, to unpredictability around the availability of federal funds and the makeup of the U.S. Education Department, education policy experts said.
“Anything that they’re used to getting from the federal government, I would expect them to essentially expect less,” said Jonathan Collins, assistant professor of political science and education at Columbia University’s Teachers College.
Collins said districts in blue states can also anticipate being targeted for policies related to diversity, equity and inclusion — including programs that support diversifying the teacher workforce — as well as LGBTQ+ rights.
“You should expect them to turn up the heat,” Collins said of the federal government’s crackdown on Title VI and Title IX issues, which bar race- and sex-based discrimination, respectively, in federally funded education programs.
In the past, the federal government typically invoked the statutes to protect underserved students, but the Trump administration has instead used them to target DEI efforts and protections for LGBTQ+ students. “I think the nozzle on the gas is going to change to an even higher level this upcoming year,” Collins added.
A bigger religious footprint in public education
Recent years have seen a surge in First Amendment lawsuits related to the religious rights of parents and teachers, especially spurred on by the parental choice movement circling around issues like curriculum and LGBTQ+ culture in schools.
In 2025, for example, the U.S. Supreme Courtrequired a Maryland district to allow curriculum opt-outs for parents who don’t want their children exposed to LGBTQ+-related content. That ruling in Mahmoud v. Taylor set legal precedent for other districts’ policies on such opt-outs.
In 2026, additional rulings on similar issues are expected to influence district policies, according to education policy experts. For example, lawsuits are pending on LGBTQ+ student pronoun usage and state laws requiring the Ten Commandments to be displayed in classrooms.
Districts, especially those in red states, can expect “to exercise even more authority” over school prayer, teaching of the 10 Commandments, “and just any initiative or program or aspect of schooling that especially caters to Christianity,” said Collins. “I think you can expect to see an even bigger upsurge in those kinds of things happening.”
Religious-based organizations are also likely to continue pushing — under the mantle of the First Amendment — for the creation of religious public charter schools.
As a result of a deadlock due to Justice Amy Coney Barrett’s recusal in one such case, the Supreme Court kept in place an Oklahoma ruling that blocked what would have been the nation’s first religious public charter school. However, after that Catholic school’s failed launch, another religious charter was proposed for Oklahoma in November — this time by a Jewish organization. Whether that school succeeds, and what it could mean for other efforts to establish religious public schools, will be watched in 2026.
Expansion of right-to-education cases
While right-to-education lawsuits have been a constant in the education finance sector, the “right-to-education” legal argument is expanding to specific subject areas in the classroom, including literacy and civics education. The right to education is guaranteed under almost every state constitution, and it has so far been used routinely by students and advocacy groups to advocate for equitable education funding.
In recent years, that argument has expanded to “right-to-literacy” or “right-to-read” cases, with California and Detroit entering major settlements after students sued.
The legal argument is also being stretched to ensure civics education is taught, said Michael Rebell, executive director for the Center for Educational Equity and a professor of law and educational practice at Columbia University’s Teachers College.
In 2025, students applied “the right to education” legal argument to sue for a better civics education in Kentucky, for instance. In 2026, this legal argument could proliferate, Rebell said, with a decision expected any day now in the Kentucky case.
More AI policies and guidance
Following the explosion in the deployment of artificial intelligence across education and countless other sectors in 2025, districts can expect more guidance and policies related to AI tools in 2026, education experts said.
At least 31 states have already issued some kind of AI guidance or framework for schools, according to AI for Education, a for-profit provider of AI literacy training for educators.
However, the legal parameters for using the technology — including such concerns as data rights and privacy protections — still need to be ironed out at the federal level and across states and localities.
“It’s kind of the wild, wild west right now,” said Collins. “Expect that to also be a big cornerstone of what we see education policy-wise in this upcoming year.”
Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping education faster than many can realize or believe. According to a 2025 report by Microsoft, 86% of education organizations now use generative AI – the highest adoption rate of any industry and an uncharacteristically rapid pace for a sector which has historically lagged behind in technology adoption.
Across educational organizations, AI is moving from experimentation to impact. Each year, more institutions increasingly accelerate their use of AI. The global AI education market reached $7.57 billion USD in 2025, and is projected to exceed $112 billion USD by 2034.
Looking forward to the classrooms of 2026, AI will expand its stance as a powerful service for learners and teachers alike. From the earliest stages of education, AI-driven platforms are helping provide real-time personalized English instruction, helping level the playing field for young learners in developing countries.
AI’s impact extends across primary, secondary, and higher education, supporting personalized learning that adapts to individual needs, delivers instant feedback, enhances student engagement and outcomes, and reduces administrative demands on teachers.
An AIPRM report of U.S. students, for instance, found a 62% increase in test scores among those using AI-powered instruction systems, attributed to the technology’s ability to identify and address knowledge gaps before they develop into larger challenges.
“Instead of being confined to set moments, instruction can respond as learning happens, guiding students through their thinking and helping them build understanding in real time”, says Rajen Sheth, Founder and CEO of AI-powered edtech company Kyron Learning. The startup delivers personalized learning at scale, and raised $14.6 million USD in a Series A funding round.
At the same time as AI adoption in classrooms surges, companies across the globe confront an unprecedented skills crunch, with growing demand for talent capable of leveraging technology to drive innovation and growth. These challenges are inseparable: as AI reshapes business, it is also transforming how individuals are prepared for work.
In such a fast-moving landscape, higher education institutions are embedding AI, experiential learning, and challenge-based approaches into their curricula, alongside the rise of new institutions dedicated to digital transformation, technology, and data rather than traditional academic disciplines.
Democratization of Learning
Families who relocated recently to English-speaking countries often experience difficulties teaching the language to their children. English proficiency is widely viewed as a critical driver of future educational and economic opportunity for young children, although in regions like Latin America access to high-quality, in-person instruction remains limited to a small sector of families who can afford private lessons.
At this early stage of learning, AI-powered language tools are increasingly filling this gap. Experts expect it to play an even more significant role in the coming year, expanding access to effective, engaging English-language education at scale. Luis Von Ahn, founder of Duolingo, suggested on the No Priors podcast that AI will take on much of the instruction while teachers evolve into mentors or facilitators.
Buddy.ai was launched in 2017 to address this need. After he moved to the U.S. from Siberia, co-founder Ivan Crewkov had witnessed his preschool daughter’s difficulties with adapting to an English-language society.
The application has a multimodal AI tutor, Buddy, that interacts with students in real time and features a voice recognition technology specifically designed for children that complies with COPPA regulations.
Despite the precedents set for this technology in academia, Buddy.ai was the first company to successfully bring this concept to market:
“This is a game changer for teachers, since, in the past, they could only give students the practice of speaking in person, which was almost impossible in crowded classrooms”, explained Crewkov to Entrepreneur Magazine.
Research consistently shows that this approach is more effective than traditional learning methods.
AI-Powered Instruction and the Future of Schools
As per an October 2025 report by the Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT), 85% of teachers and 86% of students used AI in the preceding school year.
“I’m not surprised to hear that 85% of teachers have used it in some way…anything that helps a teacher save time is going to get taken up”, noted Joseph South, Chief Innovation Officer for ISTE+ASCD, a non-profit that provides resources for educators about educational technology, while in conversation with Education Week.
The CDT report also noted that 69% of teachers said AI tools have improved their teaching methods, while 55% agreed that it has given them more time to interact directly with students.
As 2026 unfolds, the use of AI-powered instruction is expected to continue growing amid rising teacher workload and burnout: it reduces administrative demands and offers a promising way to ease staffing shortages and allow educators to focus on teaching and student engagement.
Sheth said, however, that the challenge for educators is scale: “Even the best instructors can’t give every student timely, individualized support 24/7. Kyron helps close that gap while keeping educators firmly in control.”
AI-powered instruction platforms, such as Kyron Learning, help bridge differences in learning styles, cultural backgrounds, and prior educational experiences, with studies showing up to 70% higher course completion rates compared to traditional approaches.
“Rooted in learning science, [Kyron] adapts to each learner’s responses, providing timely feedback, surfacing misconceptions early, and supporting diverse learning needs across environments,” Sheth explained.
Opportunities and Challenges Students Face with AI
Most people can recall a moment in their education journeys when a lack of understanding and frustration made them want to give up. In crowded classrooms, that feeling can be particularly discouraging – but with Kyron’s instruction, students remain engaged, learning with greater confidence.
Kyron Learning is now available to all educational institutions and learning solution providers, partnering with a variety of organizations, including K-12 school districts and universities such as Western Governors University in Utah and the Illinois Institute of Technology.
Regardless, concerns have been raised about whether AI-powered learning could hinder students’ ability to form meaningful relationships with teachers and develop critical thinking and research skills.
“As many hype up the possibilities for AI to transform education, our research shows AI use in schools comes with real risks, like large-scale data breaches, tech-fueled sexual harassment and bullying, and treating students unfairly,” said Elizabeth Laird, director of the equity in civic technology project at CDT, to Education Week.
The CDT report also outlined that 70% of teachers worry that AI weakens critical thinking and research skills, and over half of the students agree that using AI in class makes them feel less connected to their teachers.
Sheth disagrees: “At the core, education remains human. The mentorship, connection, and inspiration that great educators provide cannot be replicated”, he continued, explaining that Kyron’s value is, “in reinforcing those strengths by supporting learning at scale,” he assured.
“The future is educators empowered by AI, not overshadowed by it”, he added.
In 2026, learning how to use these learning tools will be crucial. Experts, in fact, have said that the best way for schools to manage AI risks is through teacher training and student literacy lessons.
By that measure, schools and districts are falling behind: although most teachers and students use AI, the CDT report shows that under half have received no training or guidance from their institutions.
“What schools need to do is help teachers and students use [AI tools] in the right and best ways,” South agreed.
Equipping Learners for a Technology-Powered Economy
According to a report by McKinsey, 92% of business leaders expect to boost AI spending over the next three years. Organizations using AI-powered training report clear gains in employee performance, engagement, and retention.
Positioning AI a strategic device and underscoring the need for higher-education institutions to prepare students for this AI-centric workforce is therefore critical.
Leading universities and institutions are already actively redefining their classrooms to align with the demands of an AI-driven economy. The Tecnológico de Monterrey (Tec), a private university based in Monterrey, Mexico, actively redefines the curricula to align with the demands of an AI-driven economy.
Tec has woven AI, experiential learning, and challenge-based education throughout its undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs.
At Tec, they emphasize real-world problem solving, interdisciplinary collaboration and strong-industry connections to expand digital skills training, certification and workforce opportunities for students– working with partners such as Salesforce, Udemy, AWS, and Oracle, in addition to other global networks like the World Economic Forum Foresight Network and the AI Global Education Network.
Tec’s business programs register an employability level of over 93% just 3 months after graduating.
An alternate institution that has recognized the need to prepare students for the digital economy is ISDI (Instituto Superior para el Desarrolo de Internet), a digital business school in Madrid, Spain that offers master’s degrees and executive programs in digital business, technology, and innovation to equip professionals with these skills.
ISDI utilizes applied learning, continuous reskilling, and close collaboration with industry, equipping students with both technical capabilities and the strategic thinking required to navigate AI-enabled workplaces.
Roughly 90% of ISDI graduates work in fields related to their studies within 6 months of completing their programs.
These institutions have understood that, in 2026, higher education will continue to adapt learning models to prepare students not only to use AI tools, but to thrive alongside them in the modern workforce.
“The value of human skills cannot be replicated by computers. The future belongs to those who can balance technological and human skills to solve problems”, wrote Bernard Marr, world-renowned futurist, author, and strategic advisor who specializes in AI data and digital transformation, in Forbes.
Grace Goldstone is a reporter for Latin America Reports. Originally from the UK, she currently lives in Medellín, Colombia. Grace holds a master’s degree in Politics from the University of Edinburgh and previously interned at the UK House of Commons. Her work has also appeared in WIRED en Español and Entrepreneur Magazine.
Springer. “Artificial Intelligence in Education: Promises and Implications for Teaching and Learning.” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education. Accessed December 17, 2025. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40593-015-0065-9
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The first year of President Donald Trump’s return to office brought unprecedented and far-reaching changes to the higher education sector, and 2026 is poised to continue the trend.
The conservative-led spending and tax bill, dubbed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, is set to go into effect in July. But effects of the forthcoming policy changes, including how certain students can finance their college educations, are still in flux.
The Trump administration also looks poised to continue opening investigations into colleges as a means of gaining influence over the sector, putting higher ed leaders in a tight spot. And federal officials are likely to further restrict the ability of certain international students to study in the U.S.
All that comes as analysts predict a tough financial year ahead.
To help higher education leaders prepare for the year ahead, we’ve rounded up six trends we expect to shape the sector in 2026.
Enforcement actions against universities may escalate
The federal government under President Donald Trump last year launched a flurry of investigations into colleges, often suspending or canceling their federal research funding to pressure them into implementing vast policy changes. If the final days of 2025 offer any clue, the Trump administration doesn’t plan to slow down this tactic.
On Dec. 22, the U.S. Department of Education opened a Clery Act investigation into Brown University over the shooting on its campus earlier that month that left two dead and nine injured. The Clery Act requires federally funded colleges to warn their campuses of emergencies in a timely manner and provide support to victims of sexual assault, domestic and dating violence, and stalking.
“After two students were horrifically murdered at Brown University when a shooter opened fire in a campus building, the Department is initiating a review of Brown to determine if it has upheld its obligation under the law to vigilantly maintain campus security,” U.S. Education Secretary Linda McMahon said in a statement.
The new investigation capped a year in which the Trump administration pursued probes against dozens of colleges over potential civil rights violations.
Notably, Brown is one of a handful of institutions that struck formal agreements with the administration to settle these investigations in 2025. But its July deal did not prevent the Education Department from opening a probe into Brown over its actions that occurred after the deal — and does not preclude more such activity from the Trump administration in the future.
And in its ongoing battle with Harvard University, the Trump administration has even threatened to take over patents for inventions made with the help of government research funding. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security also revoked Harvard’s ability to enroll international students, but a federal judge blocked the move.
James Finkelstein, professor emeritus of public policy at George Mason University, said he expects federal enforcement actions to ramp up in 2026.
“They’re going to weaponize almost every available tool, whether it’s Title VI investigations, adding new conditions to federal grants and contracts, reviewing tax exempt status, putting pressure on accreditors, [or] going after individual presidents,” Finkelstein said.
Will college boards stand up for their leaders?
In the latter half of 2025, the Trump administration tried a new tactic in its quest to reshape the higher education sector — pressuring college presidents to step down.
The U.S. Department of Justice successfully deployed this strategy in June, when then-University of Virginia President Jim Ryan abruptly resigned. He said he was leaving to avoid endangering federal funding for the university, which faced a Trump administration investigation into institutional diversity efforts pursued under his tenure.
Ryan was not alone. Following a short investigation, the U.S. Department of Education found George Mason University in violation of civil rights law and called out its president, Gregory Washington, for what it has described as illegal diversity, equity and inclusion efforts.
Washington has pushed back on the Trump administration, calling the allegations a “legal fiction” through his attorney.
For its part, George Mason’s board said it would focus on its “fiduciary duty” to serve the best interests of the university. So far, the board — which has too few members to have a quorum — hasn’t announced any major actions.
Finkelstein said other colleges will experience what happened at UVA “unless you find real pushback on a campus and within a community, whether it’s faculty, students, alumni or civic leaders.”
“The boards themselves really are not going to be there to support presidents,” Finkelstein said, arguing that many boards “are being captured by governors and legislatures,” which in turn pack them “with political operatives.”
“Those aren’t really trustees who are going to defend presidents against these attacks,” Finkelstein said. “They’re really there to ensure that the institutions submit.”
As a case in point, Finkelstein pointed to the head of George Mason’s board, Charles Stimson. The lawyer had held several positions at The Heritage Foundation, the conservative think tank that spearheaded the Project 2025 blueprint for Trump’s second term. He left the group in December.
Lindsey Burke, who previously led the Heritage Foundation’s Center for Education Policy and authored Project 2025’s chapter on education, served on George Mason’s board until she stepped down last year to take a position within the Education Department. Both Stimson and Burke were appointed to the George Mason board by Gov. Glenn Youngkin, a Republican.
“The boards are being built for compliance today,” Finkelstein said. “They’re not being built for independence.”
In Virginia, the ideological tilt of university boards may soon change following the Jan. 17 inauguration of Gov.-elect Abigail Spanberger, a Democrat.
“The question is, in Virginia, will the pendulum swing too far the other way, and will Gov.-elect Spanberger try to balance the board by going to the other extreme?” Finkelstein said. “That doesn’t seem to be in her political nature, given her record. But who knows?”
Another year of college cuts?
Last year marked more downsizing for many U.S. colleges. But in addition to the now-perennial enrollment and inflation laments, many major universities slashed their ranks of staff and faculty to adapt financially to the torrent of policy changes brought on by the Trump administration.
The federal government disrupted research funding, targeted institutions with investigation and threats, and introduced obstacles to international student enrollment. Student loan caps, higher endowment taxes and other recent statutory changes could add further pressure to college budgets this year.
In its 2026 outlook for higher education, Moody’s Ratings estimated 3.5% growth overall in revenue for the higher education sector, down from 3.8% in 2025. Meanwhile, the credit rating agency forecast that costs would increase by 4.4%.S&P Global Ratings and Fitch Ratings have similarly predicted a gloomy year ahead for colleges and universities, which could well mean more budget cuts.
“We are definitely expecting more expense control measures, and layoffs are certainly one of those,” said Patrick Ronk, a vice president and senior analyst with Moody’s. “Inflation is tempering, which is nice for the sector, but at the same time we see the revenue growth being more constrained.”
While more cuts may be ahead for large institutions trying to weather the political landscape and macro trends, Ronk pointed out many smaller colleges don’t have much wiggle room left in their budgets after enduring pandemic disruption and historic inflation.
“There’s not much left to cut” for those institutions, Ronk said. “A lot of these smaller liberal arts colleges have been downsizing for years.”
Not only that, but institutions are also under pressure to spend. Moody’s and other higher ed observers have pointed to a massive backlog of facility and capital needs that colleges can’t put off addressing forever.
“At some point you have to make the dorms look nicer,” Ronk said. He added that Moody’s analysts expect capital spending in higher ed to pick up in 2026, with a potential boost coming from lower interest rates as the Federal Reserve eases its inflation fight.
OBBA goes live
Republicans’ massive spending and tax bill that passed last summer, dubbed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, contained some of the most sweeping changes to federal higher ed policy in years. At the time, one policy leader in the sector described it as “akin to a Higher Education Act reauthorization,” referring to the primary federal law governing higher education and student aid last reauthorized in 2008.
Changes under OBBA include ending Grad PLUS loans — which became the largest new student aid program when Republicans created it two decades ago — and capping total student borrowing. Specifically, federal loans will tap out at $100,000 for graduate students and $200,000 for professional students. That latter cap has come under debate with the definition of “professional” up in the air, and some programs, including nursing, excluded.
OBBA also increased tax rates on the income of the wealthiest college endowments, expanded Pell Grants for accredited short-term programs, and developed a new accountability system that would cut off access to federal student loans for college programs whose graduates don’t meet earnings thresholds.
The new limits to student borrowing could have broad impacts on colleges. Many worry that the end of Grad PLUS and the new borrowing caps will reduce access to programs and lessen student demand. That, in turn, could weigh on colleges’ finances and drive some institutions to cut graduate programs.
Ronk said the loan system changes will likely deliver the heaviest financial impact for institutions under OBBA. But there are still many unknowns, including how private lenders will respond to the end of Grad PLUS and the start of the caps.
“It’s just a little uncertain how much the private market is going to step up, or how much the private market needs to step up,” Ronk said. For student loan caps, he said it remains unclear to what extent graduate program costs will run up against the borrowing limits.
Meanwhile, the endowment tax could amount to a hefty government payment, causing financial pain for a subset of institutions. Yale University, for example, in December announced budget measures and likely layoffs that leaders tied, in part, to a looming $300 million annual tax bill under the new law.
Yet, as Ronk noted, the tax will land hardest on colleges that typically have the highest credit ratings and the most resources and flexibility to weather the financial hit.
“Those happen to be the wealthiest institutions, with really sophisticated investment offices and really big donor bases,” Ronk said.
Ronk predicted their overall wealth would stay “pretty strong,” though he said the tax could lessen their operating activities due to lower endowment income.
Likewise, the new accountability system is not expected to have a massive impact on most colleges. Only 2% of programs are at risk of failing the earnings test, according to a recent analysis from the policy organization HEA Group of data released by the Education Department in late December.
The new accountability test is “going to put a lot more focus on specific programs and outcomes,” Ronk said. “If there is a greater scrutiny of post-grad outcomes for programs, that will lead to generally better student outcomes and benefits for the sector.”
Shifting policies for international students
Higher education is bracing for a 2026 decline in international enrollment, following a slew of Trump administration policies that have targeted foreign students and sought to clamp down on the visa programs that allow them to study at U.S. institutions.
The following week, a study from NAFSA: Association of International Educators found that polled colleges reported an average of 6% fewer new international students enrolling in bachelor’s programs and 19% fewer in master’s programs.
NAFSA is entering 2026 expecting to see “a sharp drop” in graduate degree enrollment among international students “due to the current administration’s policy decisions,” said Fanta Aw, the group’s executive director and CEO.
In Fitch Ratings’ “deteriorating” 2026 outlook for the higher ed sector, analysts predicted that last year’s federal policies would continue to weaken the international student pipeline to the U.S. For colleges, that could mean the further erosion of growth in tuition and fee revenue, the credit rating agency said.
Less than a month after Fitch issued its outlook, Trump expanded his travel ban to include 39 countries. Among the newly added is Nigeria, one of the top 10 countries of origin for international students in the U.S.
Higher ed experts say that even if foreign students have the chance to study here, they may not want to.
Neal McCluskey, director of the libertarian Cato Institute’s Center for Educational Freedom, said prospective international students are increasingly seeing the U.S. as an unfriendly place for them to study.
And Aw said the U.S. can expect to lose students to “nations that have clear, consistent welcoming policies to attract, enroll, and retain international students.” She predicted an uptick in foreign enrollment in Asian and Middle Eastern countries, as well as in Western Europe.
“Unless we reverse course on current policies, we risk a major loss of talent and innovation along with social and economic benefits,” Aw said.
McCluskey noted one factor that could change the sector’s course — Trump’s comments regarding international students as “a good business decision.”
At times last year, Trump voiced support for international students during interviews and extemporaneous remarks. But those comments have stood in contrast to his policy priorities.
“It is possible he will increasingly take that position and work to ease obstacles to international enrollment,” McCluskey said. “But that is not reflected in current administration policy.”
Standardized test requirements in flux
A new round of colleges will return to requiring prospective students to submit standardized test scores with their applications this fall.
The University of Miami, for example, said last January it would require test scores from fall applicants for the first time since the pandemic. Ohio State University made a similar announcement in March.
COVID-19 shuttered testing sites across the country in 2020 and forced colleges that required SAT and ACT scores to go test optional. But a steady trickle of institutions — selective and well-known ones in particular — have since reinstated mandatory test scores.
Many officials have cited internal research that tied test scores to collegiate success and that found students held back scores they incorrectly believed would hurt their chances of being admitted.
Increasingly, conservative politicians have favored the testing metrics as well.
The Trump administration is seeking to incentivize high-profile colleges into adopting standardized testing requirements via the president’s wide-ranging compact. The compact — first offered to nine research institutions in the fall — would give priority for research and other federal funding in exchange for adopting numerous policy changes. Seven of the nine institutions have turned down the deal, while the other two have yet to comment publicly.
But Trump appears to have opened the compact up to all colleges since, with at least a few voicing interest. Two such institutions — New College of Florida and Valley Forge Military College — are currently test optional and would have to change their admissions structure should the president accept their signatures.
Whether due to institutional or external pressures, the switch from test optional to requiring scores seldom goes into effect right away.
Applicants to Cornell University will have to include test scores in their packet this fall, more than a year and half after the Ivy League institution said it would step away from test optional.
In October, Princeton University announced it would reinstate test score requirements for applicants in the 2027-28 admissions cycle, citing internal data that found students who submitted scores had stronger academic performances than those that didn’t. Prospective students applying this year will still be able to submit without scores should they so choose.
Some institutions are taking an even more tapered approach.
The University of Alabama System announced last month it would phase out its test-optional policy over the next few years. For the 2026-27 admissions cycle, applicants with GPAs below 3.0 will be required to submit either an ACT or SAT score. Test scores will be required of all applicants beginning in the 2027-28 cycle.
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Declining birthrates and growing competition from school choice threaten public school enrollment counts — and therefore school district budgets. Student data privacy concerns are on the rise and only complicated by the explosive rise in artificial intelligence tools and usage. And administrators are continuing to adjust to new policy priorities for curriculum, staffing and more under the second Trump administration. These are but a few of the challenges facing public schools in 2026.
As we head into a new calendar year — and the second half of the 2025-26 school year — here are six trends for K-12 leaders to watch.
Education funding faces pressure from multiple directions
Education funding will face pressures on several fronts in 2026, including strained state coffers, unpredictability in federal funding and competition for local dollars.
Marguerite Roza, director of Edunomics Lab and a research professor at Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy, predicts flat but stable federal funding for schools in 2026.
Still, state and local education systems are bracing for more uncertainty when it comes to federal funding cycles, according to education researchers and professionals. Last summer, many states and districts were caught off guard when the Trump administration froze federal funding for multiple programs. Likewise, some states and districts worry about potential federal funding restrictions if their policies don’t align with the Trump administration’s priorities.
Roza said that while federal education funding in 2025 was “very drama-infused,” states were level-funded from the previous year, with allocations for Title I and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act — the two largest pots of federal K-12 money — distributed to states as usual.
And since Congress did not finalize a fiscal year 2026 budget for the U.S. Education Department in 2025, all eyes will be on actions to be taken before the next appropriations deadline on Jan. 30.
At the state level, a fall 2025 fiscal survey from the National Association of State Budget Officers found that 23 states projected general fund spending to decline or remain flat in FY 2026 budgets compared to FY 2025 levels.
This has school systems jockeying for state dollars against other state-supported programs like healthcare and public safety. “If districts were hoping for some big new investment from the states, I would say, ‘This is not your year,’” Roza said.
At the local level, shifting public school enrollment will influence allocations for per-pupil spending, leading to less funding fordistricts with declining enrollments. That drop in revenue means school systems will need to make tough decisions on closing or consolidating schools and shrinking their workforce, Roza said.
Closing schools is “hard for communities,” and localities will likely approach this in a variety of ways in 2026, Roza said.
Competition for students heats up
Several factors influencing shifts in public school enrollment will continue into the new year, including a shrinking population of young children and a growth in private school choice programs.
The public school versus private school choice debate will intensify as more states launch voucher programs in the 2026-27 school year that use taxpayer dollars to fund private school tuition — and while a nationwide school choice program prepares for a 2027 launch.
Robert Enlow, president and CEO of EdChoice, a nonprofit research and school choice advocacy organization, predicts more families will choose options that aren’t necessarily their neighborhood public school.
“There’s no doubt that the demand for choice has continued since COVID,” Enlow said.
The number of students participating in state-led universal private school choice programs has grown from about 64,000 in 2022-23 to 1.3 million in 2024-25, according to EdChoice. Still, most students — about 49.6 million — attend public schools, based on fall 2022 numbers, the most recently available federal data.
The large population of public school students is why federal and state investments are needed for public schools, according to private school choice opponents. Vouchers leave public schools with fewer resources to meet the needs of their students, which contributes to equity gaps, they say.
Opponents also say that private school choice programs lack transparency and accountability.
“Voucher students lose most of their legal protections under special education and civil rights laws, and voucher programs use public dollars to fund private schools that can and do discriminate against students and employees in ways that are not lawful in public schools, said a Dec. 18 letter from Public Funds Public Schools, a nonprofit advocating for investments and support for public schools. The letter sent to the Internal Revenue Service was in response to calls for public comments ahead of formal rulemaking for the national private school choice program.
Enlow and others predict that some Democratic-led states will join Republican-led states in opting into the national school choice program, which will fund certain expenses for both public and public schools. Those expenses could include tuition and fees, books and supplies, tutoring, payments for services for students with disabilities, computer equipment and internet, and transportation.
“Any traditional public school that says they can’t afford computers or transportation is not thinking how this program could help them,” Enlow said.
District leaders will navigate more teacher layoffs, retention challenges
As student enrollment in public schools is expected to continue declining, and thereby strain K-12 budgets in 2026, states and districts will have to “reimagine and redesign the teacher workforce” — looking at how to best use new technologies, what roles only teachers can fill, and “how to best attract, support and retain the most effective teacher workforce,” said Heather Peske, president of the National Council on Teacher Quality, in an email to K-12 Dive.
More staff layoffs are likely as dropping enrollment leads to deeper district budget cuts, Peske said. This will force district leaders to reckon with any “reduction in force” policies that ignore teacher performance, she added.
Peske also predicted that shrinking state and local K-12 budgets will create more opportunities for districts to consider differentiated pay models — which compensate certain educators more than others — to attract and retain teachers in high-need schools, subjects and regions.
Some K-12 researchers have said declining enrollment and related budget cuts, alongside mass pandemic-era hiring of teachers supported by federal emergency aid funds, have led to a reversal in widespread teacher shortages.
But Paige Shoemaker DeMio, senior analyst for K-12 education policy at the Center for American Progress, said she expects district budget cuts to strain working conditions for teachers and retention rates to drop. Tighter budgets will mean less funding to support teachers, and more responsibilities will be put on their plate, which in turn will increase teacher burnout and drive educators out of classrooms, she said.
Uncertainty to persist as federal changes continue
Districts in 2025 already felt the pressure to change their diversity, equity, inclusion and LGBTQ+ policies after the Trump administration cracked down on race-based and sex-based initiatives. In many instances, the administration has attempted to strong-arm states and districts into complying with its policies by threatening the loss of federal funding. That tactic, rarely used under other administrations, is likely to continue under this one in 2026, civil rights enforcement experts said.
The departments of Education and Justice, for example, have suggested continued use of stringent compliance methods to enforce Title IX and Title VI, which protect students from discrimination based, respectively, on sex and race.
Federal policies are also impacting immigration enforcement on or around school grounds, pushing districts to consider virtual learning options and to offer know-your-rights training or legal counsel for families. The aggressive enforcement has affected students’ attendance, performance and sense of safety, district leaders have said.
In 2026, the trickle-down from federal policies to districts and students will likely continue to impact school operations, said Sasha Pudelski, director of advocacy for AASA, The School Superintendents Association.
“For traditional federal funding and policy processes, it’s been challenging for superintendents to determine what the ‘new normal’ is, compared to a one-time aberration or one-off,” Pudelski said. That’s making planning and preparation difficult for district leaders, she added.
“School district leaders are facing mounting uncertainty and should brace for more in 2026,” Pudelski added.
States will take reins on achievement and absenteeism
The new year will see schools doubling down on supports to raise achievement and lower chronic absenteeism, according to education researchers, professionals and nonprofit organizations.
The stubbornness of low achievement rates — as indicated by last year’s release of 4th and 8th grade math and reading results from the 2024 National Assessment of Educational Progress — means there will be continued momentum to drive scores up, according to education experts.
States will take the helm on much of this work, said Nakia Towns, president of Accelerate, a nonprofit organization that conducts research and provides grants for learning interventions. Some of those efforts will include ensuring that the use of high-quality curriculum materials is driving desired student outcomes, she said.
To that end, Towns predicts states will take more leadership in guiding districts toward outcomes-based contracting for academic resources like tutoring and professional development. They’ll be looking at “which interventions get you the best bang for your buck,” she said.
To help raise achievement and drive up student engagement, schools and districts will home in on strategies to combat chronic absenteeism by expanding real-world educational experiences and opportunities like career and technical education courses, internships and STEAM offerings, according to education experts.
District and school leaders also will monitor whether 2025’s shift in prohibiting student cell phone use during the school day will move the needle on achievement.
Additionally, education experts are watching out for how federal influence will impact academics under the Trump administration. That includes, for example, how the U.S. Department of Education will react to states’ requests for waivers for accountability measures under the Every Student Succeeds Act, according to education professionals and stakeholders.
During a Sept. 18 panel discussion at the Reagan Institute Summit on Education in Washington, D.C., several education leaders said they were open to state assessment flexibilities from the federal government, but they predicted states will want to retain accountability standards.
“I think for a state, accountability and accountability systems might be the most important lever that we have to drive academic results for kids in systems and schools,” said Cade Brumley, Louisiana’s superintendent of education, during the discussion.
Work remains for AI literacy, guidance and online protections
In 2025, Congress increasingly debated and explored federal policy solutions for protecting children and teens online, especially as newer artificial intelligence tools rapidly became available. Jeremy Roschelle, co-executive director of learning sciences research at Digital Promise, said he expects to see more legislative action on student online privacy and safety, especially at the federal level, in 2026.
“We need it,” Roschelle said. “I think people have lived through social media and the harmful effects there can be for youth, and there’s lots to worry about as we get even more powerful tools.”
Pati Ruiz, director of learning technology research at Digital Promise, said she’s hopeful that in 2026 there will be a greater focus on prioritizing teachers input when implementing AI tools in classrooms. That means more lessons on AI literacy for educators will roll out to help instructors critically and appropriately use AI tools, she said.
With at least 32 states having already released their own AI guidance for schools, Ruiz predicts that even more states will continue to put out K-12 recommendations on these tools. Ruiz added that she expects some states will update and revise their initial AI education guidance to be more comprehensive and useful for districts and schools, especially involving their responsible technology use policies.
Learning data has played a larger role in the planning and operations of education systems. In 2026, the focus will shift from reporting what happened to actually using data to make informed decisions. Institutions are already tracking a wider range of learning conditions. System‑level indicators are being used to understand how students experience education in real settings. As data governance expectations mature, this evolution is a strategic opportunity and an operational requirement.
The State of Learning Data in 2025: A Retrospective
In 2025, learning data practices moved beyond experimentation and into daily operations. Several patterns stood out across the sector.
As many platforms started responding dynamically to learner behavior, AI‑driven personalization and real‑time analytics became harder to ignore. The U.S. Department of Education’s AI report shows how real‑time data signals support educators with decision‑making tools like content pacing and targeted feedback. It also highlights why human oversight and transparency in AI‑supported systems are necessary.
At the same time, institutions began using large‑scale datasets to identify intervention points earlier. CoSN’s 2025–26 emerging technology trends show that K–12 leaders are using aggregated engagement data to inform decisions earlier in the academic year.
With the expansion of personalization, concerns about privacy and bias also increased. Ethical AI and federated learning models gained traction. Distributed data approaches that limit centralized storage while still enabling learning insights became more relevant, particularly for organizations serving multiple districts or states.
Another notable shift was the rise of immersive and multimodal data sources. Deloitte’s analysis of higher‑education trends shows growing use of simulations, virtual labs, and experiential learning environments, all of which generate complex engagement data that goes beyond clicks or completion rates.
5 Must-Know Learning Data Trends in 2026
1. From Retrospective to Predictive Data Analytics
The shift from retrospective analysis to predictive insights is the most vital learning data trend as we move into 2026. Dashboards that explain what already happened are giving way to models that signal what is likely to happen next.
Predictive retention models are becoming central to student‑success strategies. Enrollment data from the National Student Clearinghouse show continued volatility in postsecondary enrollment, reinforcing the importance of early identification of at‑risk students rather than reactive interventions.
Adaptive learning systems increasingly use AI‑driven signals to adjust content difficulty, recommend resources, or trigger educator outreach before learners disengage. Institutions are also applying predictive analytics to enrollment forecasting and resource planning, helping leaders prepare for demand shifts rather than responding after the fact.
For 2026, the value lies in proactive decision‑making.
K–12 Districts: Predictive signals support early‑warning systems for attendance, disengagement, and dropout risk.
Higher Education: Predictive advising models help institutions support persistence and degree completion more effectively.
EdTech Companies: Usage analytics can identify friction points in the learner experience before they affect retention or outcomes.
The shift toward prediction marks a practical change in how learning data is used.
2. Ethical, Privacy‑First Data Governance
As learning data becomes more powerful, governance expectations are tightening. In 2026, ethical and privacy‑first data practices will be foundational, not optional.
Federated learning and decentralized analytics models are gaining relevance because they reduce the need to move or duplicate sensitive student data. Federal guidance on student privacy emphasizes minimizing data exposure while still enabling legitimate educational use, particularly when advanced analytics or AI are involved.
At the same time, compliance requirements are becoming more explicit. Updated FERPA resources and guidance reinforce schools’ responsibilities around data access, consent, and transparency, while COPPA and state‑level privacy laws continue to evolve.
In 2026, strong governance will not slow innovation. It will determine which organizations are trusted to scale it.
3. Data Unification Across Platforms and Systems
Learning data still sits in separate systems. LMS platforms track activity. SIS tools store records. Assessment and engagement tools add another layer. As a result, information often remains fragmented. As noted in market analysis, interoperability challenges continue to slow integration across these systems. When data are brought together, their role changes.
What unification enables:
Attendance and grades establish academic context
Engagement signals reveal patterns as they emerge
Assessment outcomes confirm where support is effective
Viewed together, this information supports earlier and more informed decisions across instruction and operations. District leaders are actively pushing for integrated data environments to make this possible at scale.
By 2026, leadership teams will expect consolidated learner views rather than disconnected reports generated by individual systems.
4. Analytics for Product‑Led Growth in EdTech
For EdTech companies, analytics are no longer limited to reporting usage. They increasingly influence how products evolve.
Teams are using analytics to understand how features are adopted, where learners disengage, and which workflows support sustained use. Feature‑level usage data are becoming a core input for continuous‑improvement decisions across learning products.
Common areas of focus include:
Feature adoption across different learner groups
Drop‑off points within learning flows
Signals that indicate confusion or friction
Product teams are also relying more on controlled testing to validate changes before scaling them. Evidence‑based iteration is increasingly tied to quality and accreditation expectations, reinforcing the role of analytics in product decision‑making.
By 2026, EdTech companies that consistently use analytics to guide product iteration will be better positioned to respond to changing learner needs.
5. Visual, Explainable Analytics for Educators
As learning data grows in volume, usability becomes a limiting factor. Information that cannot be interpreted quickly rarely informs day‑to‑day decisions in classrooms or academic teams.
Clear and accessible data presentation has long been tied to better decision‑making in education systems, particularly when insights are intended for non‑technical users. This emphasis on clarity becomes more important as analytics move closer to instructional practice.
Educators tend to engage with analytics when:
Signals are easy to interpret
Alerts include context, not just flags
Recommendations are tied to observable evidence
By 2026, trust in learning analytics will depend less on model sophistication and more on whether educators can understand where insights come from and how to act on them.
Segment Spotlight: Unique Needs and Data Trends
Different segments are solving different problems with learning data.
K–12 School Districts
Early‑warning indicators
Attendance and behavior trends
Equity and access signals
Higher Education
Enrollment forecasting
Learner‑pathway analysis
Retention monitoring
EdTech Product Teams
Feature‑adoption metrics
Cohort‑behavior analysis
Real‑time engagement signals
Preparing for 2026 and Beyond: Actionable Recommendations
Focus on execution, not frameworks
Define where prediction adds value
Set clear rules for data access and use
Reduce duplication across systems
Present insights in educator‑friendly formats
Reassess data maturity as tools evolve
Preparing for the Next Phase of Learning Data
The next phase of learning data will be shaped not by how much insight organizations generate, but by how consistently they act on it. As data move closer to everyday decisions, they start influencing instruction, product design, and learner support in real ways.
That shift brings opportunity, but it also raises expectations. Insight needs to be usable. Systems need to be trustworthy. Decisions need to be grounded in evidence, not noise.
Organizations that treat learning data as a practical tool rather than a theoretical asset will be better positioned for what 2026 demands.
The higher ed sector underwent rapid change in 2025, as leaders navigated new and evolving federal and state policy, emerging technologies and shifting employer expectations for graduates, all while responding to the diverse and pressing needs of students.
For practitioners, faculty, staff and administrators looking to impact student success in the new year, Inside Higher Ed identified 26 data points that outline the major trends of 2025 and those to watch out for in 2026.
80 percent of college students rate the quality of their education as good or excellent, up 7 percentage points from 2024.
83 percent of the class of 2023 remained enrolled for two terms and the national persistence rate rose to 77.6 percent, up from 74.8 percent in 2019.
Two-thirds of Americans say a four-year degree isn’t worth the cost because graduates leave without a specific job and with large amounts of debt.
One-third of students said they’re thriving, reporting high levels of success in relationships, self-esteem, purpose and optimism.
15 percent of colleges are using AI for student advising and support; an additional 26 percent use genAI for predictive analytics in student performance and trends.&
70 percent of Americans believe higher education is “going in the wrong direction” due to high costs, poor preparation for the job market and ineffective development of students’ life skills.
62 percent of students said they have “very high” or “somewhat high” trust in their college or university; 11 percent rate their trust as “somewhat low” or “very low.”
23 percent of stop-outs said they won’t re-enroll because they can’t afford upfront costs; 15 percent said they are already too burdened by student debt to re-enroll.
45 percent of students want colleges to encourage faculty members to limit high-stakes exams to improve their academic success; 40 percent want to see stronger connections between classroom learning and their career goals.
36 percent of students have not participated in any extracurricular or co-curricular experiences while in college; an additional 39 percent say they’re very involved in at least one activity.
71 percent of students have experienced financial trouble while enrolled in college, and 68 percent said they ran out of money at least once since the start of the year.
43 percent of students say they study in the evening, while 18 percent said they study at night.
84 percent of students say they know when and whether to use generative artificial intelligence to help with their coursework; the majority attributed this knowledge to faculty instruction or syllabi language.
71 percent of students said it was acceptable to shout down a speaker to prevent them from speaking on campus; 54 percent believe it’s acceptable to block other students from attending a campus speech.
International enrollment declined 1 percent in fall 2025, with 17 percent fewer new students coming to U.S. campuses this past fall.
As of August, 37 percent of students said federal actions to limit diversity, equity and inclusion have had no real impact on their college experience.
57 percent of students said cost of living is “a major problem,” for college students today; 55 percent said mental health issues are a major problem, as well.
59 percent of Americans are in favor of awarding green cards to foreign students who graduate from American universities so they can work in the U.S.
87 percent of Gen Z said they feel unprepared to succeed at work due to limited guidance, unclear paths to career from school and uncertainty about which skills matter most.
Only 44 percent of students say they know some information about post-graduation outcomes for alumni of their college or university; 11 percent say they’re not sure where to find this information.
67 percent of students said they don’t use AI in their job searches; 29 percent said they avoid it because they have ethical concerns about using the tool.
94 percent of employers think it’s equally important for colleges to prepare a skilled and educated workforce and to help students become informed citizens.
Hushed conversations about the budget, a shrinking applicant pool and that dreaded enrollment cliff are no longer whispers. The numbers are in and they tell a story you know all too well: the old way of doing things isn’t working any more.
The traditional models are failing to keep pace with a new generation of students and a rapidly evolving job market. We’ve moved beyond the “enrollment cliff” as a future threat; it’s a present reality that is forcing institutions to fundamentally rethink their approach to marketing and enrollment.
The old playbook of generic campaigns and static brochures is obsolete. In 2026, the game is no longer about reaching the most students but about connecting with the right students in the most authentic way possible. This new landscape is defined by data, driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and built on a foundation of radical transparency. It’s a world where the institutions that survive will be those willing to break away from the establishment and challenge the status quo.
Explore the 2026 trends and predictions that are shaking up digital marketing for education industry, what it means for the next generation of enrollment and how institutions can position themselves to thrive in a new era of higher education.
Shift to GEO/AEO and “Search Everywhere Optimization”
With the rise of social search and AI Overviews, traditional Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is becoming insufficient. The new paradigm is “Search Everywhere Optimization.” This includes GEO (Generative Engine Optimization) to ensure your institution is favorably mentioned in AI-generated answers and AEO (Answer Engine Optimization) to appear in direct answers in AI Overviews as well as on platforms like TikTok, Reddit, Quora and voice assistants. By 2026, success will not be measured by a #1 ranking on a Google page, but by being the embedded answer wherever a student asks a question.
Conversational AI as the 24/7 Admissions Counselor
AI is already strongly embedded in advertising platforms to capture student interest, but the next frontier is how institutions leverage AI in lead nurturing and admissions. As shown in EducationDynamics’ latest Engaging the Modern Learner Report, 60% of students use AI chatbots for college research, a significant jump from 49% just a year ago. This will move beyond simple chatbots into sophisticated conversational AI that manages entire nurturing funnels, providing instant, personalized answers to complex questions about financial aid, credit transfers and program specifics via SMS and web chat. These AI assistants will be able to schedule campus tours, triage inquiries to the correct human counselor and provide 24/7 support, dramatically improving the prospective student experience and freeing up admissions teams to focus on high-intent, high-value interactions.
Authentic Storytelling
Authentic user generated content will be a vital part of a brand’s storytelling as more students turn to social channels and short form video to research and validate individual brands. Brands will increasingly leverage content creators’ sphere of influence, leveraging short-form video to tell showcase their brand story. This creates a massive opportunity for institutions to leverage user-generated content and partner with student-creators who can showcase the real, unpolished and relatable brand story. Think a “Day in the Life” series on TikTok or a student ambassador Q&A on Instagram Live—these genuine interactions build trust and connection in a way a static brochure never could.
AI for Personalization
AI picks up on individual user preferences and can serve ad creative that they are more likely to engage with due to better relevance. AI will use existing ad assets (images, videos, headlines, descriptions, etc.) and landing page experiences to create unique and personalized ads. Landing page personalization will also emerge in 2026 as a way to increase relevance and conversion rate optimization. To be successful, advertisers need to provide a wide variety of existing assets and have a strong landing page experience. For example, if a prospective student has previously browsed your computer science program page, an AI-powered ad could then automatically show them a video testimonial from a current computer science student, rather than a generic campus tour video.
Rise of Social for Search
Over the past couple of years, we’ve seen students turning to social for search, we will continue to see this pattern and expect it to increase. Unlike a traditional search engine that provides a list of links, social platforms offer an immersive experience. Students can search for a university’s name and instantly see “day in the life” videos, unscripted dorm tours and Q&A sessions with real students. This content feels more genuine and trustworthy than a polished university-produced video. For them, a hashtag search is less about finding a fact and more about getting a feel for a school’s culture. Having an organic and paid presence on social channels will be vital for brands to be present where their audience is searching.
More Ads in AIOs/AI Mode
To date, there have been very few instances of EDU ads within AI Overviews or AI Mode, but in 2026, we expect this to change dramatically. Google is actively integrating ads directly into its AI-generated summaries and institutions need to be prepared to take advantage of this new frontier for digital advertising for higher education.
This shift is about more than just a new ad placement; it represents a fundamental change in how advertisers reach prospective students. Instead of relying solely on keywords, digital advertising for universities in AI Overviews are triggered by the full conversational context of a user’s query. This means an ad for your nursing program could appear not just on a search for “nursing school near me,” but also on a more exploratory query like “what are the best career paths in healthcare?” that generates an AI Overview response.
To secure a presence in these valuable new placements, institutions will need to embrace Google’s AI-powered ad solutions. These include:
Broad Match: This uses Google’s AI to match your ads to a much wider range of relevant searches, including long-tail and conversational queries that are common in AI Overviews.
Performance Max: This campaign type leverages automation to find high-value conversions across all of Google’s channels, including Search, Display, YouTube and, increasingly, AI Overviews.
AI Max for Search (Beta): The newest iteration of Google’s AI-powered ad solutions, AI Max for Search is designed specifically to enhance creative relevance and expand reach within AI-driven search experiences.
As AI-generated results take up more screen space, being present in these ad placements is crucial. This is a chance to get your brand in front of students at a new moment of discovery, where they are actively seeking complex, nuanced information. Shifting to these AI-powered tools is the key to ensuring your institution remains visible and competitive.
First-Party Data is the Ultimate KPI
As audience targeting and keywords continue to get broader, across paid search and paid social, properly training AI to find and optimize to the right user will be crucial to a campaign’s success. The best signal institutions can provide is through their own data. Institutions will need to prioritize regularly importing their 1st party data to fuel their audiences and bidding strategies. Bidding to outcomes will drive quality and as a result CPCs as a KPI will decrease in importance, especially as CPCs continue to increase. Instead, the focus should remain on the cost per outcome, such as cost per application and cost per enroll. Focusing on and optimizing to these ultimate KPIs will bypass front-end noise, ensure quality and prioritize outcomes that more closely correlate to business goals.
Ready to Break Free From the Old Playbook in the Higher Education Industry?
The time for waiting is over. The institutions that will survive and thrive in this new era are those that abandon the outdated playbooks of the past and embrace a new, data-driven and authentic approach to enrollment.
This is not a time for incremental change. It’s a time for bold, strategic action. By leveraging AI for personalization and operational efficiency, embracing authentic storytelling and prioritizing first-party data, you can build a recruitment strategy that not only attracts the right students but also proves the enduring value of your institution.
Ready to transform your enrollment strategy and secure your institution’s future? EducationDynamics is the only partner with the expertise, technology and end-to-end solutions to help you not just adapt, but thrive. Contact us today to future-proof your institution.
Since 2020, interest in homeschooling, microschooling, and other alternatives to conventional education has soared. Entrepreneurial parents and teachers have been building creative schooling options across the U.S. Kerry McDonald, a senior fellow at the Foundation for Economic Education and contributor to The 74, was so inspired by these everyday entrepreneurs that she wrote a book about them: Joyful Learning: How to Find Freedom, Happiness, and Success Beyond Conventional Schooling.The following is an adapted excerpt from McDonald’s book. It is reprinted here with permission from the publisher.
In 2019, I gave a keynote presentation at the Alternative Education Resource Organization’s (AERO) annual conference in Portland, Oregon. Founded in 1989 by Jerry Mintz, AERO has long supported entrepreneurial educators in launching new schools and spaces, with a particular focus on learner‑centered educational models. It was about a month after my previous book Unschooled was published, and I was talking about the gathering interest in unconventional education. Homeschooling numbers were gradually rising, and more microschools and microschooling networks were surfacing. I predicted that these trends would continue, but I said they would remain largely on the edge— as alternative education had for decades. They would offer more choices to some families who were willing to try new things, similar to those of us who eagerly embraced Netflix’s mailed DVDs when they first appeared. But I didn’t think these unconventional models would upend the entire education sector the way Netflix ultimately did with entertainment. I thought they would remain small and niche. I was wrong.
The COVID crisis catapulted peripheral educational trends into the mainstream, not only creating the opportunity for new schools and spaces to emerge but, more importantly, permanently altering the way parents, teachers, and kids think about schooling and learning. The pre‑pandemic tilt toward homeschooling and microschooling has converged with five post‑pandemic trends that are profoundly reshaping American education for families and founders. Together, these trends are shifting the K–12 education sector from being an innovation laggard to an innovation leader.
Trend #1: The growth of homeschooling and microschooling
The nearby microschool for homeschoolers that my children attended before COVID was one of only a sprinkling of schooling alternatives in our area. Now, it’s part of a wide, fast‑growing ecosystem of creative schooling options— both locally and nationally— representing an array of different educational philosophies and approaches. Families today are better able to find an education option that aligns with their preferences. From Maine to Miami to Missouri to Montana, the majority of the innovative schools and spaces I’ve visited have emerged since 2020, and many already have lengthy waitlists, inspiring more would‑be founders. The demand for these options will grow and accelerate over the next ten years, as will the number of homeschooling families, many of whom will be attracted to homeschooling as a direct result of these microschools and related learning models. Indeed, data from the Johns Hopkins University Homeschool Hub reveal that homeschooling numbers continued to grow during the 2023/2024 academic year compared to the prior year in 90 percent of the states that reported homeschooling data, shattering assumptions that homeschooling’s pandemic‑era rise was just a blip. Parents that otherwise wouldn’t have considered a homeschooling option will do so because homeschooling enables them to enroll at their preferred microschool or learning center.
One particularly striking and consistent theme revealed in my conversations with founders as I’ve crisscrossed the country is that their kindergarten classes are filling with students whose parents chose an unconventional education option from the start. These parents aren’t removing their child from a traditional school because of an unpleasant experience or a failure of a school to meet a child’s particular needs. They are opting out of conventional schooling from the get‑go, gravitating toward homeschooling and microschooling before their child even reaches school age. This trend is also likely to accelerate, as younger parents become even more receptive to educational innovation and change.
Trend #2: The adoption of flexible work arrangements
Today’s generation of new parents grew up with a gleeful acceptance of digital technologies and the breakthroughs they have facilitated in everything from healthcare to home entertainment. These parents see the ways in which technology and innovation enable greater personalization and efficiency, and expect these qualities in all their consumer choices. It’s no wonder, then, that parents of young children today are generally more curious about homeschooling and other schooling alternatives. They are often perplexed that traditional education seems so sluggish.
The response to COVID gave these parents license to consider other options for their children’s education. The school closures and extended remote learning during the pandemic empowered parents to take a more active role in their children’s education. That trend persists, as does the remaking of Americans’ work habits. The number of employees working remotely from home rather than at their workplace has more than tripled since 2019.
As more parents enjoy more flexibility in their work schedules, they will seek similar flexibility in their children’s learning schedules. While remote and hybrid work generally remain privileges of the so‑called “laptop class” of higher‑income employees, the growing adoption of flexible work and school arrangements is driving demand for more of these alternative learning models, including many of the ones featured in Joyful Learning that offer full‑time, affordable programming options for parents who don’t have job flexibility. Remote and hybrid work patterns are here to stay, and so is the trend toward more nimble educational models for all.
Trend #3: The expansion of school choice policies
The burst of creative schooling options since 2020 is now occurring all across the United States, in small towns and big cities, in both politically progressive and conservative areas, and in states with and without school choice policies that enable education funding to follow students.
Education entrepreneurs aren’t waiting around for politicians or public policy to green‑light their ventures or provide greater financial access. They are building their schools and spaces today to meet the mounting needs of families in their communities.
That said, there is little doubt that expansive school choice policies in many states are accelerating entrepreneurial trends. Founders I talk to who are developing national networks of creative schooling options, are intentional about locating in states with generous school choice policies that enable more parents to choose these new learning models. Other entrepreneurs are moving to these states specifically so that they can open their schools in places that enable greater financial accessibility and encourage choice and variety. Jack Johnson Pannell is one example. The founder of a public charter school for boys in Baltimore, Maryland, that primarily serves low‑income students of color, Jack grew discouraged that the experimentation that defined the early charter school movement in the 1990s steadily disappeared, replaced by an emphasis on standardization and testing that can make many—but certainly not all—of today’s charter schools indistinguishable from traditional public schools. He saw in the choice‑enabled microschooling movement the opportunity for ingenuity and accessibility that was a hallmark of the charter sector’s infancy. In 2023, Jack moved to Phoenix, Arizona, to launch Trinity Arch Preparatory School for Boys, a middle school microschool that families are able to access through Arizona’s universal school choice policies.
Trend #4: The advent of new technologies and AI
New technologies are also accelerating the rise of innovative educational models, while making it harder to ignore the inadequacies of one‑size‑fits‑all schooling. The ability to differentiate learning, personalizing it to each student’s present competency level and preferred learning style, has never been easier or more straightforward. It no longer makes sense to say that all second graders or all seventh graders should be doing the same thing, at the same time, in the same way—and failing them if they don’t measure up.
Emerging and maturing technologies help prioritize students over schools and systems, but the widespread introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, and bots like ChatGPT, will hasten this repositioning. New AI bots can act as personal tutors for students, helping them navigate through their set curriculum. The real promise, according to founders focused more on agency‑ based or learner‑directed education, is for AI tools to work for the students themselves, helping them to control their own curriculum.
“We don’t have a set pathway for our learners. It’s personalized,” said Tobin Slaven, cofounder of Acton Academy Fort Lauderdale, which he launched with his wife Martina in 2021. Part of the global Acton Academy microschool network, Tobin’s school prioritizes student‑driven education in which young people set and achieve individual goals in both academic and nonacademic areas, participate in frequent Socratic group discussions, engage in collaborative problem‑solving and shared decision‑making, and embark on their own “hero’s journey” of personal discovery and achievement.
When we spoke in 2024, Tobin had recently founded an educational technology startup building AI companion tools that act as a personal tutor, life coach, and mentor all in one. He sees AI tools like his as being instrumental in helping learners have more independence and autonomy over their learning. Rather than AI bots guiding a student through a pre‑established curriculum, Tobin thinks the truly transformative potential of AI lies in tools that help students lead their own learning—answering their own questions and pursuing their own academic and nonacademic goals.
“When I hear the visions of some other folks in the education space, their visions are very different from mine,” Tobin said, referring to many of today’s emerging AI‑enabled educational technologies. He offered the example of a device known as a jig, used often in carpentry, to further illustrate his point. “The jig tells you exactly where the curves should be, where the cut should be. It’s like a template. The template that most of the AI folks are using is traditional education. It was broken from the start. It’s a bad jig,” Tobin said.
Instead, he sees the potential of AI to help reimagine education rather than reinforce a top‑down, traditional model. He is helping to create a new and better educational jig.
Trend # 5: Openness to new institutions
The final trend that is merging with the others to transform American education is the shift away from established institutions toward newer, more decentralized ones. Some of this is undoubtedly due to emerging technologies that can disrupt entrenched power structures and lead to greater awareness of, and openness to, new ideas, but the trend goes beyond technology. Annual polling by Gallup reveals that Americans’ confidence in a variety of institutions has fallen, with their confidence in public schools at a historic low. Only 26 percent of survey respondents in 2023 indicated that they had a “Great deal/Quite a lot” of confidence in that institution. The good news is that confidence in small business remains high, topping Gallup’s list with 65 percent of Americans expressing a “Great deal/Quite a lot” of confidence in that institution in 2023. The falling favor of public schools occurring at the same time that small businesses continue to be well‑liked creates ideal conditions for today’s education entrepreneurs. Families who are dissatisfied with public schooling may be much more interested in a small school or space operating or opening within their community.
For another signal of the shift away from older, more centralized institutions toward newer, more customized options, look at what the Wall Street Journal calls the “power shift underway in the entertainment industry,” as YouTube increasingly draws viewers away from traditional television networks. Individual YouTube content creators, such as the world’s top YouTuber, MrBeast, who has some 300 million subscribers, appeal to more viewers than the legacy media networks with their more curated content. New content creators are particularly attractive to younger generational cohorts like Gen Z, who prefer decentralized, user‑generated content over traditional, top‑ down media models. Consumers today are looking for more modern, responsive, personalized products and services, especially those being developed by individual entrepreneurs who bear little resemblance to legacy institutions. This is as true in education as it is in entertainment and will be an ongoing, indefinite, and transformational trend in both sectors.
Shortly before completing this manuscript, I spoke again at the annual AERO conference, this time in Minneapolis. Gone was my measured optimism of 2019. In its place was a mountain of evidence showing how popular alternative education models have become since 2020, and how steadily that popularity continues to grow. This isn’t a pandemic- era fad or an educational niche destined for the edges. This is a diverse, decentralized, choice‑filled entrepreneurial movement that is shifting American education from standardization and stagnation toward individualization and innovation.
We are only at the very early stages of a fundamental change in how, where, what, and with whom young people learn. Over the next decade, homeschooling and microschooling numbers will continue to grow, work flexibility will trigger greater demand for schooling flexibility, expanding education choice policies will make creative schooling options more accessible to all, AI and emerging technologies will help create a new “educational jig” fit for the innovation era, and declining confidence in old institutions will enable fresh ones to arise. The future of learning is brighter than ever. Families and founders are finding freedom, happiness, and success beyond conventional schooling, inspiring the growth of today’s joyful learning models and the invention of new ones yet to be imagined.
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This year has already brought big challenges to the higher education sector, from major shifts in federal policy to massive cuts in government research funding.
As college leaders gear up for the 2025-26 academic year, they’re staring down even more change ahead.
The U.S. Department of Education is undertaking massive regulatory changes, the Trump administration is ramping up investigations into colleges, and Republican lawmakers are continuing their crackdown on diversity, equity and inclusion.
Below, we’re rounding up six trends we’re keeping tabs on.
Trump and Republicans usher in a new era of financial retrenchment
Last year, colleges slashed spending on staff, faculty, programs and more in response to difficult enrollment realities and rising costs. The budget pressures have only intensified for many in the higher education world since President Donald Trump took office in January.
The Trump administration has targeted about $3.3 billion in grant funding for termination at public and private universities nationwide — about $206 per student — according to an analysis by the Center for American Progress.
In addition to contractions in research spending, institutions are juggling myriad changes to federal policy by Trump and congressional Republicans that could have significant effects on institutional budget planning. This includes a more fraught environment for international students, cuts to federal student lending and a higher endowment tax, to name just a few.
The Trump administration’s legal and financial warfare against Harvard University has grabbed an outsized share of headlines, and arguably for good reason. Harvard is the richest and oldest college in the U.S. If the administration succeeds in a multi-agency, omnidirectional attack on the institution, where does that leave the rest of the nation’s colleges?
Facing this question, some institutions have already made deals with the Trump administration as they attempt to maintain their federal funding and stay out of legal battles. Others are reported or confirmed to be in negotiations with the federal government. And many colleges are facing a difficult balancing act between mission and compliance.
In its attacks on colleges, the Trump administration has introduced novel and aggressive readings of civil rights laws and U.S. Supreme Court cases, as well as threatened vast sums of funding for colleges it considers out of compliance with federal statute.
For instance, the Education Department deemed the University of Pennsylvania in violation of civil rights law for prior policies allowing transgender women to play on sports teams aligning with their gender identity. Penn became one of the first colleges to strike a deal with the administration rather than risk the sort of multi-agency attack — complete with prolonged litigation — being deployed against Harvard.
Meanwhile, federal agencies suspended nearly $600 million in funding from the University of California, Los Angeles over allegations that it violated civil rights law because it didn’t do enough to respond to a pro-Palestinian protest encampment on its campus in spring 2024. Police cleared the encampment at the university’s request after less than a week.
Among other legal risks under Trump, policies meant to support transgender students or diversity programs can now potentially prompt prosecution of a college under the False Claims Act, a federal law dealing with fraud in government contracting. That’s according to a May message from Deputy Attorney General Todd Blanche introducing the Civil Rights Fraud Initiative that specifically listed colleges as potential False Claims Act targets.
New regulations coming down the pike
The Education Department has its work cut out for it over the next year. That’s because the agency must craft regulations to carry out the higher education-related provisions of the sweeping domestic policy bill passed by Republican lawmakers this summer.
They include phasing out Grad PLUS loans, which allow graduate and professional students to borrow up to the cost of their college attendance. The legislation also caps lifetime borrowing limits at $100,000 for most graduate students and $200,000 for those pursuing professional degrees, and it will consolidate a handful of repayment plans into just two options. And it opens up Pell Grants to programs as short as eight weeks.
Colleges will also face new regulations.
Under the legislation, their programs will lose federal student loan eligibility if they can’t prove their students get an earnings boost. For undergraduate programs, that means showing that at least half their graduates earn more than workers with only a high school diploma in their state.
The Education Department is devising the new regulations through a process called negotiated rulemaking. Under this process, the agency convenes representatives who will be impacted by the regulations — such as colleges, student loan borrowers and state officials — to hash out policy details.
If they agree on language, the Education Department is largely bound to adopt their rules as written for its regulatory proposal. If they don’t, however, the agency is free to come up with its own regulations.
The Education Department kicked off the process earlier this month and will hold meetings with negotiated rulemaking committees through January.
A shifting landscape for federal research funding
Legal battles over threatened federal research funding are likely to heat up in the months ahead.
Under the Trump administration, at least four major federal agencies have announced plans to cap reimbursement for indirect research costs — which support expenses like laboratory and facilities maintenance — at 15% for colleges. Many major research universities have negotiated rates hovering around 50% to 60%, meaning these policies threaten vast sums of their federal research funding.
So far, courts have blocked or paused each of the caps. The Trump administration has appealed three of the rulings, and one case is still playing out in federal district court.
Meanwhile, the Supreme Court recently dealt a major blow to research universities by pausing a lower court order that would have restored $783 million in cut funding from the National Institutes of Health under the agency’s anti-DEI policy. While the high court preserved the ruling against the anti-DEI directives, it said the plaintiffs would have to pursue their claims to restore the cut grant funding in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, which hears monetary claims against the federal government.
Massachusetts Attorney General Andrea Campbell, who has led a coalition of states suing over the NIH cuts, indicated in a statement that the fight was not over.
“Even if accountability is delayed, we won’t stop fighting to protect this funding, our residents, and our rule of law,” Campbell said.
The battle over in-state tuition for undocumented students
At least 25 states and Washington, D.C., started the year with policies allowing eligible undocumented students to pay in-state rates at some or all of their public colleges. But since Trump began his second term, Republicans and his administration have prioritized reducing undocumented students’ access to higher education.
Florida first spurred the shift during a January special legislative session, repealing a law that made certain undocumented students eligible for in-state tuition rates at its public colleges.
Then, following an executive order from Trump, the U.S. Department of Justice sued Texas in June over its decades-old law — the first of its kind in the country — making undocumented students eligible for in-state tuition if they meet certain residency criteria and other requirements.
Despite the attack on the state statute, officials within Texas’ attorney general’s office quickly sided with the DOJ and filed a joint motion with the Trump administration to end the policy. A federal judge overseeing the case struck down the law only hours after the DOJ first filed its lawsuit.
Texas’ cooperation gave the Trump administration an early win and an example to cite as precedent as it moved on to target less amenable states.
U.S. Attorney General Pam Bondi has since filed lawsuits in rapid succession against Minnesota, Oklahoma and Kentucky over their in-state tuition policies for undocumented students. Like Texas, Oklahoma leaders partnered with the DOJ and filed a joint motion to end its policy. The request has not yet been approved by a federal judge.
Bondi argued in multiple, nearly identical statements that in-state tuition rates for undocumented students illegally provide benefits not offered to all U.S. citizens. One higher education attorney has argued that the Texas policy has the same requirements for participation for U.S. citizens and undocumented residents.
The American Civil Liberties Union of Texas and other groups have sought to intervene in the state’s case and asked a federal court to set aside the order declaring Texas’ in-state tuition policy unconstitutional. The same federal judge that struck down the law ruled against them earlier this month, though the groups have already appealed.
Enforcement of new DEI restrictions
For years, conservatives have led coordinated efforts to eliminate diversity, equity and inclusion efforts in higher education. The campaign only grew following Trump’s return to office and his administration’s push to crack down on diversity initiatives.
To comply with new federal directives and state laws, colleges have sprinted to cut programs, cancel events, restructure student services and reassign or lay off DEI-focused employees. In Ohio and Kentucky — two of the most recent states to enact DEI bans at public colleges — some higher education leaders read the writing on the wall and began cutting DEI work prior to the new laws’ passage.
Colleges are now being increasingly singled out for alleged violations of DEI bans. One method is through secretly recorded and heavily edited videos of employees. The videos, shared online and via conservative media outlets, appear to depict college officials talking about how to avoid DEI restrictions.
The dean of students at the University of North Carolina Asheville is “no longer employed” there after one such recording went viral, according to a university official. And in the same state, Western Carolina University announced it would close its Office of Intercultural Affairs, following a widely-shared video of a former employee who suggested DEI work be embedded across campus.
Two of Iowa’s three public universities — the University of Iowa and Iowa State University — are under state scrutiny after similar videos surfaced of their staff. The state attorney general is investigating the incidents at the University of Iowa at the behest of Iowa’s governor.
Two University of Iowa employees have been put on leave, with the Republican chair of the Legislature’s House higher education committee calling for them to be fired. Iowa State University told local media outlets that a video showing one of its administrators discussing DEI work appeared to be filmed a year prior to its release and featured a former employee who had not worked there since 2024.
GOP lawmakers from conservative-led states have also been calling on the Trump administration to investigate colleges over their DEI efforts.
In Texas, a Republican state representative requested the Trump administration to investigate Texas A&M University over allegations the institution “engaged in DEI courses and discriminatory ‘targeted recruiting’ practices.”
Two states over, a congressional representative from Tennessee similarly called for a federal investigation into Belmont University, alleging the private Christian college’s restructuring of its DEI office was “an intentional effort to deceive federal authorities and continue promoting discriminatory programming under a new name.”
Some colleges — particularly public ones in conservative states — are cracking down on behavior that could draw lawmaker attention.
Tarrant County College, in Texas, fired two administrators over the inclusion of DEI content in a mandatory training video, according to The Collegian, the institution’s student newspaper.
The community college also disciplined two employees over DEI-related offensives — one for conducting a workshop on “Microaggressions & Mental Health” and the other for gifting women co-workers a bouquet of flowers with a “Happy International Women’s Day” card.
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A new school year is upon us — and as with any year, the return to the classroom brings with it an array of challenges both novel and familiar.
Shifting enrollments alone present existential challenges for many school systems as declining birth rates result in lower student populations, which public schools are now in greater competition to attract and retain. Compounding those challenges are newer hurdles like artificial intelligence and a changing federal policy landscape that are impacting approaches to teaching and learning.
To help you unpack the obstacles and opportunities on the table this fall, here are four trends to watch in the 2025-26 school year.
Enrollment crucial as budgets tighten
As the new school year begins, fall enrollment numbers will be crucial for district budgets, said Marguerite Roza, a research professor and director of Georgetown University’s Edunomics Lab.
Due to federal COVID-19 emergency relief funds, many districts appeared to ignore the realities of their declining enrollment, she said. However, when relief funding dissipates and budgets tighten, districts need to keep a very close eye on their fall enrollment: Even if it’s just 1% lower or higher than forecasted, that will be “super important” for schools’ bottom lines, Roza said.
For some districts, an influx of migrant students has offset declines in non-migrant student populations, Roza said. But that kind of enrollment growth is worth keeping an eye on, she said — especially amid the Trump administration’s heightened immigration enforcement policies. Though schools cannot record a student’s immigration status, a drop in English learners could be a signal of that change, she said.
Additionally, districts should look for declines in kindergarten or at secondary grade levels, Roza said. If a district has fewer kindergarteners but strong high school enrollment, for instance, then it has a birthrate problem, she said. But if it’s a more widespread issue, it may be that people are moving out of the area.
Growing school choice policies may also have an impact on enrollment down the line, Roza said.
Some districts with significant and ongoing enrollment drops will also have to make tough decisions this school year about the future of their schools. For instance, district leaders in Atlanta, Austin and St. Louis public schools are all currently considering whether they should close or consolidate school buildings due to budget challenges and enrollment declines.
Federal policy whiplash persists
Schools continue to face the whiplash of the Trump administration’s drastic shift in and rapid enforcement of federal policies, which have included the withholding of federal funding in some cases. That’s especially true for districts’ policies related to LGBTQ+ issues as well as diversity, equity and inclusion.
Whereas the Biden administration encouraged the inclusion and protection of transgender students, for instance, the Trump administration quickly and forcefully reversed course. Federal officials have so far made an example out of multiple education agencies — including in Maine, California, Minnesota and major districts in Northern Virginia — for what it says are violations of Title IX. Those violations have included allowing transgender students to play on women’s and girls’ sports teams.
Schools have also been under the microscope for practices meant to level the playing field for Black and brown students, which the administration says are discriminatory against White and Asian students in some cases. In April, for example, the department launched an investigation into Chicago Public Schools for its “Black Students Success Plan.”
Many civil rights organizations, teacher organizations and sometimes even school districts, however, have challenged the Trump administration’s policies, which they say have been made in some cases without going through the proper legal channels and violate students’ rights. As those cases work their way through the courts, policies continue to shift. In one case, key efforts by the administration to roll back DEI measures — including a requirement from the administration that asked districts to certify they are not incorporating DEI in their schools — were blocked by a judge in August, at the launch of the 2025-26 school year.
Technology, relationships drive special ed improvements
Despite persistent special educator shortages, funding gaps and uncertainty about federal-level support to states and districts, the special education field is optimistic about the progress students with disabilities will make this school year as more attention is focused on boosting family engagement and expanding the use of technology to support students with disabilities, according to experts in the field.
Advances in technology, including artificial intelligence tools, are easing paperwork burdens for special educators. Improvements in augmentative and alternative communication and other technology are strengthening personalized learning for students with disabilities. Additionally, evidence-based practices, such as universal design for learning and positive behavioral interventions and supports, are helping schools meet individual student needs.
Relevant professional development on tech tools, however, is only one part of helping a student succeed, said Kelly Rudyk, director of pupil personnel services for New York’s North Salem Central School District, in a recent post on AASA, The School Superintendents Association’s website. Relationships between administrators and special educators, and between schools and families, are also essential, Rudyk said.
“To truly move the work forward, we need to set clear district goals in partnership with special education leaders,” Rudyk said. “These goals should: reflect instructional priorities, support the meaningful use of technology and improve outcomes for students with disabilities.”
AI spreads its footprint in schools
School leaders will enter the 2025-26 school year with encouragement from the U.S. Department of Education to use existing federal grants to integrate artificial intelligence in classrooms. Over the summer, U.S. Education Secretary Linda McMahon sent a “Dear Colleague” letter to state and district leaders informing them that they can use federal funds to bolster AI’s use in improving high-quality curriculum tools, high-impact tutoring, and college and career pathway advising.
Still, there’s little research available on the impacts AI technology has on student outcomes, particularly with increasingly popular AI tutoring tools.
AASA also expressed some concerns over the Education Department’s latest full-speed push for AI tools in schools.
In response to a proposed rule on priorities for using discretionary grant programs to support AI use in schools, which was published in the Federal Register in July, AASA submitted a comment on Aug. 20 asking for a greater focus on the educator workforce within AI initiatives. AI cannot be a “substitute,” the association said, for “the human relationships and professional expertise at the heart of student learning.”
On top of that, AASA warned against “framing AI as a silver bullet,” and that any “thoughtful national strategy must include clear guardrails, sustainable funding that does not come at the expense of other high-priority federal programs, and ongoing evaluation of what works in practice.” As school leaders approach the fourth academic year since ChatGPT launched, researchers also recommend that districts develop their own acceptable AI use policies if they haven’t already.
Meanwhile, 30 states have issued their own AI guidance for schools as of June, according to TeachAI, a national coalition focused on AI in education.